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Liten nedgang i gaupebestanden

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Det er i vinter påvist både færre gauper og familiegrupper av gaupe i Norge, sammenlignet med forrige vinter.

 

Kilde: Rovdata

I vinter er det estimert at det var 55 familiegrupper av gaupe i landet, som er en nedgang på 2,5 familiegrupper fra i fjor. Forrige vinter ble det estimert 57,5 familiegrupper.

Ei familiegruppe består av ei morgaupe i følge med en eller flere unger. Halve familiegrupper er delt mellom rovviltregioner i Norge eller Sverige.

– Gaupebestanden ligger for sjuende året på rad under det nasjonale bestandsmålet. Stortinget har bestemt et nasjonalt bestandsmål på 65 årlige familiegrupper av gaupe, forklarer Jonas Kindberg, leder i Rovdata.

Færre gauper

Ut fra antall familiegrupper er det estimert at det var 323 gauper i landet før kvotejakta i 2019 og før nye unger blir født.

– Det er en nedgang på fem prosent i forhold til 2018. Forrige år var det cirka 340 dyr i Norge, forteller Kindberg.

Regionale forskjeller

Det nasjonale bestandsmålet på 65 årlige familiegrupper er fordelt på sju av åtte av landets rovviltregioner.

– Hvis vi ser på bestandsmålene for hver region, så er region 2 (Vestfold, Buskerud, Telemark og Aust-Agder) og region 6 (Møre og Romsdal og Trøndelag) de regionene som i 2019 ligger lengst over de regionale målene. I Region 4 (Oslo, Akershus og Østfold), 5 (Hedmark), 7 (Nordland) og 8 (Troms og Finnmark) ligger man et stykke under målene, forteller Kindberg.

Det har siden forrige vinter vært en økning i antall familiegrupper i region 3 og 8, mens antallet har gått ned i regionene 4, 5 og 7.

Overføring av myndighet

Når det skal avgjøres om myndighet ligger i Miljødirektoratet eller den regionale rovviltnemnda anvendes et snitt for antall påviste familiegrupper de tre siste årene.

Dette gjøres fordi man ønsker å utjevne årlige variasjoner i antall påviste familiegrupper mellom år, som følge av jakt, tilfeldige variasjoner i andelen hunngauper som får fram unger de enkelte år, og at overvåkingen ikke har fanget opp alle familiegrupper.

– Ved anvendelse av treårig snitt for 2017-2019, så ligger regionene 2, 3 og 6 over bestandsmålet, forklarer Kindberg.

Prognose for 2020

Som et hjelpemiddel for beslutningstakere i gaupeforvaltningen er det utarbeidet prognoser for gaupebestandens utvikling ett år frem i tid, ved hjelp av en prognosemodell.

– Ut fra antall familiegrupper påvist før jakta i år, kjent uttak av voksne hunndyr og bruk av en prognosemodell, er det beregnet at det vil være cirka 59 familiegrupper i landet før jakta starter i 2020, sier Kindberg.

15. juni kommer en felles skandinavisk rapport på gaupe der de norske resultatene er satt sammen med Sverige for å gi et helhetsbilde av den felles skandinaviske gaupebestanden.

 

Les rapporten her: Antall familiegrupper, bestandsestimat og bestandsutvikling for gaupe i Norge i 2019

 

Fakta om overvåkingen av gaupe:

  • Rovdata har ansvaret for overvåkingen av gaupe i Norge og for at oversikten over bestanden er best mulig.
  • Overvåkingen i Norge utføres gjennom Nasjonalt overvåkingsprogram for rovvilt, på oppdrag fra Miljødirektoratet. Arbeidet gjøres i samarbeid med de ansvarlige for overvåkingen i Sverige.
  • Bestanden blir i begge land hovedsakelig overvåket ved å registrere antall familiegrupper hvert år, som består av mordyr i følge med en eller flere årsunger.
  • De fleste registreringene skjer på sporsnø i vinterhalvåret. Observasjoner av dyr, spor eller sportegn blir meldt inn til Statens naturoppsyn (SNO) i Norge og Länsstyrelsene i Sverige, som sender ut personell i felt for å undersøke nærmere.
  • Ut fra alle bekreftede observasjoner beregnes det hvor mange familiegrupper av gaupe som er i begge land.
  • Beregningene gjøres ved hjelp av såkalte avstandsregler, som er basert på forflytningsavstander og størrelser på leveområder til radiomerkede gauper i Skandinavia.
  • Antallet individer i bestanden blir beregnet ut fra hvor mange familiegrupper det er.
  • Tips fra publikum er en meget viktig kilde til informasjon om familiegrupper av gaupe. Rovdata har i samarbeid med Naturvårdsverket i Sverige utviklet et rapportsystem for store rovdyr (Skandobs), som har bidratt til ytterligere innrapportering fra publikum.

Kontaktpersoner i Rovdata:

 

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